U.S. accelerates R & D of organic solar materials
Currently, the cost of commercial silicon solar cell power generation is 10 times higher than that of utility power generation. In order to reduce the cost of solar cell power generation, people have turned to organic molecular materials. According to a report by the American Physicists Organization Network on September 12, researchers at Harvard University, Haverford College in Pennsylvania and the National Autonomous University of Mexico launched a new program called the Harvard Clean Energy Program (CEP), which aims to find ways to The organic materials of equipment efficiency will increase the current energy efficiency level of solar cells from 9.2% to 10% to 15%, and extend the service life by 10 years. If these two standards are met, the cost is lower than other current power supplies. In the recently published "Journal of Physical Chemistry Communications", some preliminary results were announced, and more research is still to be done. Organic solar materials are not only cheaper than non-organic materials, but also harmless, lightweight and easy to process, can be made translucent and pressed into various shapes. But to screen one by one from millions of organic molecules to search for materials with excellent photoelectric properties is like a needle in a haystack. The research team developed a large-scale automated molecular screening method. This method combines traditional modeling methods and modern drug development strategies, and also uses machine learning, pattern recognition, and cheminformatics techniques. In addition, the program also uses volunteer computers provided by the IBM World Public Grid (WCG) to download free non-toxic programs from the IBM website and use them to screen material molecules when their computers are idle. "A new molecule can be added to the database about every 12 hours, accelerating the development of new materials." Alan Esperu-Guzke, one of the project leaders, said that Harvard Clean Energy Program can find thousands Molecules, there are currently 10 million molecular patterns in the database that can be used as candidates. "After working with Stanford University to conduct a theoretical demonstration, we selected eight transparent compound variants that can be used as organic semiconductors. WCG will help us find more useful information." The screening analysis uses a hierarchical calculation technique. Each step lists the graphics and properties of all candidate molecules for the next screening. According to preliminary analysis, only 0.3% (3000 to 5000) of all molecules can be satisfied at the energy level that can meet the 10% or higher efficiency requirements of organic solar cells. Another project leader of Harvard University, Johannes Hetchman, said that on the one hand, this collection provides a convenient way to quickly match molecular properties, electrical structures and related compounds, not only for the photoelectric equipment materials. Development can also be used for many other purposes; on the other hand, it also lays a solid foundation for grasping the structure and property relationship of molecules. The researchers also said that as more results are achieved in the future, they will soon build a reference database to provide valuable data for searching for the best optoelectronic equipment materials and developing organic electronic equipment. The database will be opened in 2012, hoping to accelerate the development of clean power energy and promote it to reach the level of traditional energy as soon as possible.
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