With the rapid development of the plastics industry, the recycling of waste plastics has been widely considered as a measure to save energy and protect the environment. Especially in developed countries, the work in this area started early and has already received obvious benefits. It is necessary for China to learn from its experience.
The United States is a world leader in plastics production. According to statistics, by the year 2000, the United States will produce more than 34 million tons of plastics and use more than 16 million tons of waste plastics. The United States began extensive research on the recycling of waste plastics as early as the 1960s, but if it does not accelerate the pace of recycling used plastics, it will not be able to withstand the environmental pollution caused by the growing waste of plastics and the economic losses. The proportion of waste plastics used in recycling in the United States is: 50% for packaging products, 18% for building materials, 11% for consumer goods, 5% for auto parts, 3% for electrical and electronic products, and the proportion of plastics for polyolefins is 61 %, PVC is 13%, polystyrene is 10%, polyester is 11%, and others are 5%. In the late 1980s, the recycling rate of waste plastics in the United States was nearly 10%. According to statistics, the recycling rate of waste plastics in the United States at the end of the 20th century reached more than 35%. Among them, the burning of waste plastic recycling energy increased from 3% in the 1980s to 18%; the burying rate of waste products dropped from 96% to 37%. The United States has done a lot of work and achieved some results in the use of thermal energy in the burning of waste plastics, thermal decomposition and extraction of chemical raw materials. In addition, the United States used tough legislation such as legislation to solve plastic waste problems.
Japan is the second largest producer of plastics. In the 1980s, its annual average amount of waste plastics accounted for 46% of production. It can be seen that the recycling of waste plastics has become a serious social problem in Japan. Moreover, Japan is a country with a shortage of energy, so it has always maintained a positive attitude towards the recycling of waste plastics. At the beginning of the 1990s, the rate of recycling used plastics in Japan was 7%, and the thermal energy utilization rate for combustion was 35%. Japan is also a world leader in the development and application of mixed waste plastics. For example, REVERZER equipment developed by Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd. can be used to make mixed recycled thermoplastic plastics containing non-plastic components up to 2% (such as waste paper) into various recycled products, such as gutters, drains, cable trays, and shelves. There are about 20 such devices in Japan, and more than 30 companies in the world use such devices to process recycled products.
Italy is currently the best country in Europe for recycling waste plastics. Italy's waste plastics account for about 4% of municipal solid waste, and its recycling rate can reach 28%. Italy has also developed a mechanical device for separating waste plastics from municipal solid waste. In Italy, scrap plastics are generally collected together with scraps of paper. After being crushed with dry-processed, dilapidated waste polyethylene products, metal impurities such as iron are removed by a magnetic sieve. After cleaning, dehydration, and drying, The screw extruder granulates. This recycled material is added with new material, which can ensure that it has sufficient mechanical properties and can produce garbage bags, profiled materials, hollow products and so on.
Waste plastic recycling
January 08 10:07:54, 2024
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