First, the commonly used colorants for ceramic decoration are mainly inorganic oxides, such as:

White - Magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, aluminum oxide, calcium borate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, arsenic acid, antimony oxide, telluride, and metallic silver. >> Screen Printing Ceramics Beautiful Art Hall

Gray - Soluble salts of platinum, antimony, bismuth, palladium, rhodium, and osmium, antimony dust and antimony trioxide.

Ink—a mixture of iron oxide, chromium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, etc., pyrolusite, antimony trioxide, etc.

Yellow - titanium oxide, rutile, barium stannate, chromic acid, lead chromate, cadmium sulfide, gold sulfide, metal gold, etc.

Orange - rutile, iron titanate, basic lead chromate, chromite, uranium yellow, and cadmium sulfide.

Second, the method of ceramic decoration

Ceramic decoration can use blank mud coloring, glaze coloring, underglaze coloring, and glaze coloring methods. Coloring agents are divided into:

White mud coloring agent: The color material is mixed in the bad material and burned into shape. Therefore, it is required that such colorants cannot undergo any reaction to the processing of the blanks.

Glaze coloring agent: used to decorate the dry billet, burnt billet or white porcelain after firing, and then glaze on the glaze. It is required to not react with the glaze at the normal firing temperature, and at the same time, it must not flow or the pattern is blurred;

On-glaze colorants: For surface decoration of decorative glaze products, they are required to be firmly attached to the glaze surface at a relatively low firing temperature (700-900°C) and cannot penetrate into the glaze and flow.

Third, the composition of raw materials of ceramic glaze

The enamel raw material contains three basic, acidic and neutral ingredients. Alkaline components are fluxes, such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc oxide, and most color oxides or chromophoric groups; neutral components are amphoteric oxides, the main body is alumina, sometimes iron oxide and manganese oxide, etc. Into this component; representative oxides in the acidic component are silica, phosphoric acid, zirconia, etc.

Fourth, the purpose of ceramic glazing

1) Make the blank impervious to liquids and gases

2) Covering the defects on the surface of the green body and covering it; improving the smoothness of the surface of the surface so as to facilitate various finishings on the surface, as well as improving the strength and aesthetics of the vessel.

3) Prevents contamination of the green body. After glazing, it is easy to clean even if stained.

4) Acts with the green body to make the glaze and the green tire become integral.

Fifth, indirect ceramic decoration process

Indirect ceramic decoration technology is divided into two processes: ceramic glaze applique and ceramic glaze applique.

Six, indirect method (printing method) method of making ceramic decals

There are three kinds of printing methods for making ceramic decals, namely hand-engraved copper gravure gravure ceramic decals, offset large-diameter decals and screen-printed decals.

7. Raw material composition of ceramic blanks

The main raw materials used for ceramic blanks are feldspar, quartz and kaolin.

Eight, ceramic glaze decals are divided into categories according to the decal process

The ceramic glaze decals can be divided into transfer decals and transfer flower decals, depending on the decal.

Nine, the organic binder used for decoration, how to handle when baking

To decorate ceramics with decals, hand colors, screen printing, etc., some organic binders are used. These binders should be gradually volatilized or burned during the initial period of color burning, and must be completely eliminated before the initial melting of the flux.

Reprinted from: Ke Yin Network