The establishment of China Packaging Technology Association Over the past few years, under the care and attention of the State Council and provincial and municipal leaders, China's packaging industry has grown by leaps and bounds, and the initial packaging industry system has been completed. The packaging can basically meet the needs of supporting the development of the national economy. However, if there is a big gap between the requirements of modernization, in particular, the problem of transport packaging has not been completely resolved.

Brief review

For many years, with the support of the railway, transportation, insurance, commodity inspection, and general and other departments concerned with the development of transport packaging, as well as support from relevant universities, scientific research institutes, and a few enterprises, the Transportation and Transportation Committee has been mainly responsible for packaging. Promote the development of containerized transportation modes such as containers and pallets, strengthen the inspection and inspection of dangerous goods transportation and packaging of domestic waterways, promote the use of new technologies for transport packaging, understand trends in world packaging, formulate plans, conduct surveys, publish publications, and exchange information to a certain degree. Promote the development of transport packaging. At the same time, it discusses how the transport packaging should be carried out.

Analysis of problems

How to develop transport packaging? Why is it not clear for so long? There are institutional problems as well as cognitive issues.

1. With institutional impact, loss of goods can be reimbursed without cost.

Transport packaging is the last process for the production of goods. It is also the first process to enter the circulation process. The expenses incurred should be included in the cost. However, under the influence of the planned economic system, commodity cost accounting is very strict and can only be reduced and cannot be improved. However, what happened to the damage and compensation? However, the person in charge of the company can write a stroke and reimburse the matter. Therefore, companies often pay attention to reducing transport packaging. The benefits of transport packaging are mostly reflected in the production companies and sales companies. They don't directly meet consumers like sales packages. Many people therefore fall into the sales package when they talk about packaging reform. Since the National Packaging Inspection, this situation has improved and transport packaging has been strengthened. However, recently, in the face of fierce competition in the market for relative product surpluses and price cuts, some home appliance companies have begun to lower their minds on shipping packaging. The market is changing rapidly and companies should pay attention to cost accounting at any time. But after all, we must ask: What is the basis for strengthening the packaging? What is the basis for reducing packaging now? According to the requirements of modern packaging design, product packaging should be determined based on the risk factors that may be encountered during the distribution process, and it must be verified through third party packaging inspection. It seems that most companies are still unable to come up with an answer.

2. Weak foundation, inconsistent understanding and development of packaging science are lagging behind.

The packaging education in China was still only a dozen years ago. The weak science foundation naturally causes differences in understanding. Among the people in the packaging industry, the public has the following different understandings: Some people say that the Bao Xie can only pay attention to the development of the packaging industry, the transport packaging operation is decentralized and can not be managed, and excessive management will affect the development of the packaging industry; Some people say that transport packaging Management should integrate all kinds of packaging containers;
The development of packaging science is very rapid. The 11th Packaging Academic Symposium held in Singapore in 1999 received new information: “For transport packaging only”, the paper “published at the conference included materials engineering, bioengineering, ergonomics, test engineering, Environmental engineering, management engineering, mechanical engineering, logistics engineering, vibration engineering, and computer software engineering have fully demonstrated that packaging is a comprehensive cross-science." “The research content in the transport packaging and packaging process in this area includes research, testing, or analytical calculations to obtain information on the circulation environment, external incentives, product characteristics, and packaging material properties; and to study the motion law of product packaging under dynamic load excitation. It provides a theoretical basis for people to master the dynamic behavior of products in the circulation environment, select suitable packaging materials, improve and perfect packaging design, and effectively protect products.” The packaging educators further pointed out: “In the principles of transport packaging, including the famous Fragility (Vulnerability) theory, breakage boundary theory, static and dynamic buffer coefficient theory, packaging design five (six) footwork design theory, etc.." The above shows that transport packaging is an interdisciplinary cross science, applied science The content is extensive and the field is wide. Transportation packaging industry management also requires scientific laws. China's national standards for the definition of transport packaging is: "The main purpose of the transport and storage packaging. It has to protect the safety of products, convenient storage and transportation of loading and unloading, speed up the transfer, inspection and other functions." As can be seen from the standards, transport packaging involves multiple departments and more operations. Good packaging reflects, in a certain sense, the development level of a country's overall productivity. This is especially true for transport packaging.

3. There is a big gap and a leap-forward approach should be taken to speed up the development of transport packaging.

In China, the vast majority of commodities are still shipped and packaged in decentralized, hand-crafted, and enterprise-owned packaging plants (workshops). Compared with developed countries, there is a big gap. Japan has long realized the specialization and socialization of transport packaging, and set up the All-Japan Federation of Foreign Trade Transport Packaging Industry Associations to provide services from design to packaging to warehousing and submitting "through train." The Federation is not part of the Japan Packaging Technology Association. Although China's transportation and packaging production is far from the scale requirements, according to the strength of some large enterprises in China in addition to complete their own packaging tasks, they can embark on the social "outsourcing" transport packaging business. China's transport packaging may develop at a faster rate. This requires the use of policies and industry management to encourage guidance. This work can only be done by the China Packaging Technology Association. The China Packaging Technology Association has been managing the "original packaging" (mainly referring to transport packaging), improving (transporting) packaging and reducing losses, and it has been managing transport packaging.

Industry scope

1. Directly related (the industry) section

Packaging Containers: Transportation Packaging In most cases, you can directly use the various existing packaging containers, and you can also re-design and process them as needed.

Packaging Auxiliary Materials and Aids: Packing aids, protection, bonding, sealing, insulation and sturdy packaging aids and aids are used together with the outer packaging to protect the contents from damage during the distribution process.

Packaging inspection: According to the relevant standards, through third-party inspection to prove that the transportation packaging achieves the intended design purposes, it is not only necessary for export goods, but also for domestic trade goods.

2. Supporting related (cross-industry) section
1 Product: In the international packaging standard, the “complete, full-loaded” attribute must be pre-determined before the “transport packaging”, that is, it must be the undamaged packaging that contains the protected product. Under normal circumstances, the properties, physicochemical and structural properties of the product and the value of the product will be valued by the producers. The important factors affecting transport packaging are the three factors of product brittleness, natural frequency and allowable loss rate.

Brittleness: The maximum impact acceleration that a product can withstand before being damaged.

Natural frequency: One of the important causes of product package damage is resonance. Knowing the natural frequency of the product in advance, measures can be taken to avoid resonance.

Permissible attrition rate: It is difficult for any package to be sturdy to 100% without damage. Companies should be invited to formulate the allowable loss rate of goods in order to facilitate the use of reasonable packaging.

2 Circulation environment: The circulation environmental conditions that the product passes from the factory to the final sales destination, such as loading and unloading conditions, transportation conditions, storage conditions, climatic conditions, mechanical conditions, and chemical and biological conditions.

3 Containerized transportation: including container and pallet transport and containerized bags, racks, and nets. At present, 40% of the world's chemicals are transported through containers. China's container transport has developed rapidly and has become the main form of transportation for export goods. Pallet transport uses pallets to form unit loads and uses mechanical equipment for loading and unloading operations. The tray can be used inside the container to ensure that the inherent advantages of the container can be achieved; it can also be used directly for transportation. The development of shipping forms such as container bags, racks, and nets has greatly changed the situation of cargo stress, reduced cargo damage, and expanded the scope of the packaging industry. In the process of the formation of transport packages, consideration must be given to the superiority of container transport, and new requirements that may arise should also be considered in order to ensure transport safety. These industries even go beyond working as packaging improvements.

The U.S. "Five-Step Packaging Development Method" has defined the above considerations as a simple design procedure: 1 Determining the environment; 2 Determining the vulnerability of the product; 3 Choosing an appropriate cushion; 4 Designing and creating a prototype package; package. In accordance with the requirements of China's standardization law, it will be followed by stereotyped design and appraisal and approval, forming a more complete standard.

Recent job suggestions

According to the “Tenth Five-Year Plan for Transport Packaging Reform and Development” proposed by the Transport and Transportation Committee and the latest developments, the following proposals are proposed in the near future:

1. Promote the establishment of "Transport Packaging Design and Research Center."

In the "Tenth Five-Year Plan", the Transport and Transportation Committee once said: "In the Beijing area universities and research institutes and the Zhuzhou Institute of Technology in Zhuzhou, the two transport packaging design and research centers will be set up respectively in the south and north. According to the needs of the development of the situation, encouragement measures should also be taken to promote the expansion of packaging companies affiliated to large enterprise groups that are likely to move toward the society, establish more transportation packaging design enterprises, and accelerate the realization of specialization in transport packaging.

2. Pay attention to and accumulate data on circulation environment conditions.

China's transportation department has conducted tests and research in this area, and the defense industry department once gave support. Domestic data are basically complete, foreign materials are not yet systematic, and cannot meet the system requirements for packaging design and inspection. In the future, during the establishment of the “Transport Packaging Design and Research Center”, large enterprise groups will be mobilized to solve the necessary funding problems. The first step in the "Packaging Development 5 Steps" "determining the environment" is not difficult to solve.

3. We will vigorously promote the development of pallet transport and other forms of assembly.

1 Under the current situation of foreign trade urgent need, the technical requirements for disposable trays of various materials should be improved quickly, and the national standards for "technical conditions of disposable trays" should be established quickly.

2 Actively promote the development of repetitive pallet transport, and its material should be mainly plastic and composite materials. Exchanges and lease trays have been adopted between companies in different countries. For example, the 1200 series tray exchange and settlement between the United States and Europe, and the 1100 series tray lease between Japan and Korea should be brought to our attention. Plastic trays can be recycled and used to protect the environment.

3 Promote the standardization of transport packaging dimensions. In order to increase the utilization of the load and load capacity of container and pallet transport, it is necessary to harmonize the size of the transport package with the size of the loader and to achieve unity of the package. The international package size standard is based on the size of the tray. In the past few years, the shipping and transport committee has been striving to promote the standardization of pallet size and packaging standardization.

4 promote the transport of pallets, bags, and nets.

5 Based on the promotion of containerized transport, reduce the packaging requirements. In the International Packaging Standard, there is a provision that when using containers and pallets, “the drop height of packaging conditions can be reduced by more than one level in the preferred series.”