Based on the analysis of the current challenges of college informatization, this paper puts forward the concept of colleges and universities in the context of big data, analyzes the typical characteristics and development goals of colleges and universities, and designs the campus architecture of colleges and universities with the integration of physical space and digital space. And explored the key technologies of college smart campus.

Explore: How to build a smart campus in colleges and universities in the era of big data

1 University informationization faces new challenges

The informationization of colleges and universities in China was born in the 1980s. In the early ten years, it was mainly the construction of campus network, CAI courseware and decentralized management information system. In the 21st century, the construction of digital campuses in colleges and universities has developed rapidly. Almost all colleges and universities have experienced one or two rounds of digital campus construction in the past ten years, which has improved the overall level of informationization in colleges and universities. However, in the past two years, the construction of digital campuses with management information as the core has encountered many challenges, with a wide range of new information technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile internet, big data, and knowledge management and social networks. Application, college informationization is about to enter a new stage.

(1) Information technology challenges

In recent years, the rapid popularization and popularization of various new information technologies has created a huge challenge to the informatization of colleges and universities: mass storage, on-demand computing, cloud computing model impacts the traditional data center construction of colleges and universities; with intelligent terminals, mobile internet, Internet of Things The representative trend of mobileization not only impacts the construction of university campus network, but also reverses the ideas and directions of information system construction; social network that integrates communication, collaboration and sharing, after replacing campus BBS, it also manages traditional The centrally-oriented information system has had a huge impact; and the big data characterized by mass, diversification, and rapidization has attracted great attention from all parties because of its high added value.

(2) Challenges of business integration

After years of informatization construction, information technology has gradually been deeply integrated into the activities of teaching, research, management and service from the simple application of tools. The informationization and needs of teachers, students and administrators are also getting higher and higher. Already not satisfied with simple business management and information inquiry, IT-based innovative education teaching mode and management mode are constantly emerging, and are increasingly valued by all parties. The "Decade of Education Informationization Development Plan (2011-2020)" issued by the Ministry of Education also regards "promoting the deep integration of information technology and higher education, and the innovative talent training model" as the main goal of university informationization.

(3) Challenges in building operational models

With the development of information technology in colleges and universities, the information system of the school is becoming more and more complex, which has brought severe challenges to the construction operation mode: no IT company can propose a comprehensive solution for the digital campus of colleges and universities and implement it satisfactorily. Many colleges and universities The construction of information technology is in a state of dilemma; the informatization team of colleges and universities is increasingly scarce, and the pressure and risk of safe and stable operation are increasing. What is the scientific and sustainable university information construction and operation mode? The current stage of opinions is quite divided, lack of consensus, and even led to the confusion of the development direction of the university information technology industry.

Faced with so many aspects and three-dimensional challenges, where is the informatization of colleges and universities? It is an important topic facing us. It is a reasonable and realistic choice to upgrade the digital campus and realize the leap to the smart campus.

2 Characteristics of college smart campus

Smart Campus is a high-level form of informationization in colleges and universities. It is a further expansion and enhancement of digital campus. It integrates emerging information technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile internet, big data, intelligent sensing, business intelligence, knowledge management, and social networks. Comprehensively perceive the physical environment of the campus, intelligently identify the learning, working situations and individual characteristics of the teachers and students, and connect the physical space of the school with the digital space to create an intelligent and open educational and teaching environment and a comfortable living environment for teachers and students. Change the way teachers and students interact with school resources and the environment, and realize people-oriented personalized innovation services. Compared with digital campuses, college smart campuses have the following characteristics:

(1) Internet speed and ubiquity

The network is the foundation of the information age. Without the network, most of the work of educational informationization cannot be realized. The network foundation of the smart campus emphasizes the mobile internet and the Internet of Things. It must be a comprehensive interconnection, intercommunication and interaction between people, people and things, things and things on campus, for all kinds of anytime, anywhere, on demand, and random. Applications provide broadband, ubiquitous underlying network conditions.

(2) Wide application of intelligent terminals

Intelligent terminals can realize ubiquitous computing, information acquisition and perception anytime and anywhere, and have become an increasingly popular portable equipment for college teachers and students. The wide application of various intelligent sensing technologies, the digital equipment that can be used, managed and controlled remotely is already common, so that various monitoring information can be obtained at any time, the interaction between people and things becomes a reality, and the comprehensive perception of the campus environment and the status of teachers and students become wisdom. The material basis of the campus.

(3) Teamwork is convenient and convenient

Conscious large-scale collaboration is an important foundation for demonstrating human wisdom. Through the support of unified communication, schedule sharing and collaborative work, teachers and students are provided with communication and collaboration services anytime, anywhere, unified integration and various modes, supporting the communication and cooperation between individuals and groups, and supporting the organic interaction between online and offline. Learning and discussion extends from class to class, allowing collaborative research to expand from the lab to the network virtual space.

(4) Collective knowledge and symbiosis

For colleges and universities that generate knowledge and disseminate knowledge, supporting the creation, dissemination, management and use of knowledge is an important task of the smart campus and its core feature. By providing individuals with comprehensive knowledge storage, classification and sharing tools, they can help individuals turn all kinds of information and information they have into more valuable knowledge, realize knowledge collection, digestion, sharing and innovation; by building support teams in schools The knowledge management knowledge system enables the information and knowledge in the school to continuously feed back into the knowledge system through the processes of obtaining, creating, sharing, integrating, recording, accessing, updating and innovating, forming an uninterrupted cycle of school wisdom. Improve the overall IQ of the school and promote school knowledge innovation.

(5) Business application intelligence fusion

The role and function of a smart campus will ultimately be reflected in the various businesses of the school. It is necessary to abandon the digital campus business segmentation, relatively closed information architecture, open, integrated, and collaborative information architecture, based on cloud computing and big data technology to achieve the storage, calculation and analysis of massive data, through the "cloud" and "end" "The combination of a wide range of users to absorb the "smart" participation, personalized customization, active push and intelligent recommendation in various business applications, to promote intelligent integration, anytime, anywhere, on-demand personalized application, promote personal communication, personal Calculate the development of personal creation, so as to give full play to the overall effectiveness of the smart campus, and greatly enhance the ability of IT-based learning research and management decision-making.

(6) External wisdom integration

Colleges and universities are no longer the ivory tower in the traditional sense, and modern universities must be in line with society. Therefore, the smart campus is not isolated. It needs to communicate with the outside world and promote the sustainable development of the school through integration with external wisdom. For example, teachers' academic activities must be widely exchanged with domestic and foreign counterparts. Teaching and research can only be innovative and produce first-class results if they are integrated into the world's disciplinary development environment. For example, through mutual learning, communication, comparison and reference between brothers and universities, the school grasps the trend and law of college reform and development, and develops the tradition and characteristics of the school; by understanding the needs of the school for social development, such as employment needs and talents. Quality needs, etc., to adjust the school's professional settings, improve the talent training model; by grasping the economic and social development trends, technological progress and development trends and educational changes and development trends, continue to optimize the school's development planning, and promote the school's sustained and rapid development.

3 Development goals of colleges and universities

The goal of informatization in colleges and universities is to promote the modernization of school education content, teaching methods and methods, innovate talent training, scientific research organizations and social service models, promote cultural heritage innovation, and promote the overall improvement of the quality of higher education. [3] Therefore, the development goal of colleges and universities' smart campus is to support the reform and innovation of the four basic functions and management services of colleges and universities.

3.1 Intelligent talent training

Talent cultivation is the fundamental task of colleges and universities. The cultivation of intelligent talents is the first development goal of colleges and universities. With the rapid development of technologies such as mobile internet and big data, the intelligent talent training model based on online and offline integration will gradually become the mainstream.

In the smart campus, relying on the support of IT platforms such as knowledge management, campus social network and online education, the teachers prepare for lessons out of the limitations of time, space and individual knowledge islands. They can be based on historical teaching materials, peer teaching status and student learning feedback. Big data is targeted to prepare the lesson plans; students get rid of the traditional textbook learning and passive learning mode of unified classroom infusion, can fly freely in the ocean of knowledge and get timely and appropriate personalized guidance based on big data analysis; Students can communicate at any time and anytime, and various communication tools such as voice, video, text, and images can be moved as needed. The communication process can be automatically recorded and played back as needed. Teaching evaluation is no longer a pure subjective score, but based on the teacher. The multi-dimensional, dynamic, comprehensive and intelligent teaching evaluation of the teaching interaction and the big data of the student learning process, and guide the school to continuously improve the teaching content, methods, means and modes according to the objective education rules; the teaching of individualized and individualized personnel has become the mainstream , student career development, employment guidance and people Guidance will also be integrated with their personality characteristics and social development more scientific and reasonable.

3.2 Intelligent scientific research

The information support of scientific research is that the digital campus has not been able to solve or even not have the power to do it. It is simply a simple data search and digital book literature, and the construction of a smart campus will greatly change this situation. With the support of scientific research big data, the smart campus will be able to play a huge role in many aspects such as project declaration, scientific research, and project completion. In the topic of the most inefficient work of scientific research personnel, the source of multiple aspects of smart campus integration is that the researchers actively provide personalized project application suggestions, help researchers automatically fill in personal basic information and research resumes, and actively recommend for researchers. Collaborators make the scientific research project declaration process convenient, fast and intimate. In the process of scientific research, intelligent knowledge management and services can help researchers access research data conveniently, quickly and accurately. Various intelligent instruments can be used online, and can intelligently sense and automatically collect various experimental data; efficient collaboration Work support and services make communication and collaboration between partners easy and convenient; convenient scientific research project management, transaction management services and rich research support tools make the scientific research process efficient, coordinated and comfortable. In addition, at the project completion stage, the Smart Campus can also help researchers to conduct timely and in-place statistical analysis of various data in the research process, and to intelligently and automatically summarize the research results to improve the efficiency of research projects. quality.

3.3 Smart Social Services

As an important function of colleges and universities, social service is also a place where informationization can show its talents. However, it has not received the attention it deserves in the construction of digital campus. As a place of knowledge gathering, colleges and universities are mostly based on knowledge, while information technology is inherently superior to knowledge dissemination across time and space. Therefore, better supporting the function of colleges and universities to serve the society is also one of the development goals of the smart campus. It can be promoted from three aspects: (1) actively use information technology to promote the combination of production, education and research, accelerate the transformation of scientific research results, and improve colleges and universities. (2) Relying on information technology, carrying out subject education, popular science education and humanities education for the public, improving the scientific quality and humanity quality of the public, and promoting the construction of a learning society; (3) utilizing the accumulated massive data resources And big data analysis technology, deepen policy research, actively play the role of the university's think tank and think tank, and contribute to scientific decision-making and democratic decision-making at the national and local levels.

3.4 Smart Culture Heritage Innovation

Cultural heritage innovation has become the fourth largest function of colleges and universities, and has received more and more attention in recent years. In the current situation of fully developed mobile internet and social networks, how to promote the inheritance and innovation of university culture has become a very challenging problem. For the smart campus of colleges and universities, it can be promoted from two aspects: (1) building an attractive virtual community on campus, strengthening students' ideological and political education, extensively carrying out ideological and cultural exchanges, and innovating and prospering healthy and up-to-date university network culture. Develop advanced culture, innovate network ideological and political education positions in colleges and universities, and promote cultural heritage innovation; (2) Develop international Chinese teaching and cultural propaganda quality digital education resources, establish an international, multilingual online communication platform, and support Chinese education internationalization And cross-cultural education exchanges, enhance the cultural propaganda and radiation ability of colleges and universities, disseminate the excellent culture of the Chinese nation, showcase the achievements of China's higher education development, and enhance the international influence of Chinese universities.

3.5 Smart Management Decision

The digital campus solves the problem of daily management informationization in colleges and universities. However, because many information systems are isolated and data cannot be interconnected, many colleges and universities lead to uncoordinated and uncoordinated multi-sector management processes. Therefore, the smart campus must face the management and scheduling of university resources, and carry out the integration and unification of teaching, scientific research, human, financial and material management for all departments and departments of the school, deep and extensive information support and coordinated school management support. Inter-departmental and inter-departmental business collaboration; provide comprehensive information services, provide powerful information technology support for teachers and students' personal information association, and business collaboration between schools at all levels, providing personalized integration, multi-dimensional and full for all teachers and students Intimate information service; provide scientific decision support, provide unified, hierarchical classification and authorization of statistical reports for daily business management and external data reporting of various departments, improve the quality of school education, high-quality personnel training, high-end talent introduction, academic Strategic management decisions such as research and innovation provide scientific data support.

3.6 Smart Life Service

On the basis of the digital campus, the smart campus can further improve the life services of college teachers and students in two aspects: (1) From the perspective of serving teachers and students, taking the life of teachers and students as the core, integrating various life service resources within the school, Expand the resources of off-campus living services, open up public life services and mutual help services, and build a “one-stop” smart campus information life service space to provide teachers and students with campus information life services anytime, anywhere, on demand; (2) From the perspective of supporting logistics, we will make full use of Internet of Things technology and intelligent sensing technology to establish a smart campus logistics management and service information support platform to realize informationization of building building energy conservation, laboratory safety monitoring, campus environmental monitoring, and vehicle traffic management. Support to improve the ability and level of school logistics services.

4 Structure and key technologies of college smart campus

4.1 Structure of a smart campus

Compared with the digital campus, the smart campus emphasizes integration. Under the support of intelligent sensing technology, Internet of Things technology, mobile internet technology, big data technology and cloud computing technology, the physical campus and virtual campus of colleges and universities have become increasingly inseparable. The activities of teachers and students are already in a smart campus where physical space and digital space are integrated.

In order to realize the fusion of physical space and digital space, it is necessary to establish the wisdom of taking big data as the core, intelligent sensing as the nerve ending, mobile internet as the neural network, relying on the smart application, and aiming at adaptive and personalized user interaction. The campus information support platform realizes the intelligent application of various business in colleges and universities.

(1) Intelligent sensing layer

Using various sensing technologies to collect various data in real time, it can realize the comprehensive perception of the activity status of teachers and students, the running state of instruments and equipment, and the interactive state of learning and living environment, providing the material foundation for collecting intelligent data for smart campus.

(2) Network communication layer

Comprehensive use of wired and wireless network technology, timely transmission of various data, to achieve anytime, anywhere access, high-speed comprehensive interconnection, on-demand applications, to provide a broadband campus network for smart campus.

(3) Big data layer

The big data layer is the core of the smart campus, including the physical platform for data storage and computing, the information collection and data management platform, and the application support platform for data analysis and processing. It is the hub for connecting various parts of the smart campus and gathering various information of the smart campus. To provide a solid data foundation for smart campuses.

(4) Smart Campus Application Layer

Including various intelligent campus information business applications, such as teaching, research, management, services and other applications, is the key to the role of smart campus, but also the focus of smart campus construction.

(5) Adaptive interactive platform

Support various intelligent terminals, provide various users with multi-screen interaction mode suitable for the environment and terminal used by them, provide users with intimate services, and enhance the user experience of smart campus.

(6) Supporting security system

Including information security system, system operation and maintenance service system, etc., to provide a practical guarantee for the safe, stable and efficient operation of smart campus.

4.2 Introduction to key technologies

(1) Big data

The core value of big data technology is the storage and analysis of massive amounts of data. Compared with the digital campus, the core feature of the smart campus is to acquire a large number of active process and state data through various intelligent terminals, sensible devices and information systems, and to grasp the rules of things based on the analysis of these massive data, and to develop wisdom. application. The most important of these is the organization and modeling of big data in colleges and universities. This is the key to unearthing the value of big data. Dr. Xie Tao’s "subject virtual image" in the book "Turning - Looking at IT Peak" [5] is very worthy of referrals.

(2) Cloud computing

As a complex giant system, smart campus can provide good infrastructure support only by adopting an open, integrated and collaborative information architecture and a cloud computing model with dynamically configurable resources, high scalability and on-demand services.

(3) Internet of Things, Mobile Internet and IntelliSense

By integrating intelligent sensing, identification technology, and communication technologies such as wired networks and mobile interconnection, the Internet of Things connects sensors, controllers, machines, people, and objects in a new way to form a connection between people and things, things and things. Intelligent identification, location, tracking, monitoring and management provide a physical foundation for smart campuses.

(4) Business Intelligence

Business intelligence uses data warehouse and data mining technology to systematically store and manage user data, and analyzes user data through various statistical analysis tools to provide various analysis reports to provide decision information for various activities of colleges and universities. The technical foundation of intelligent management decision making applications.

(5) Knowledge management

Knowledge management is the planning and management of knowledge, knowledge creation process and knowledge application. This is the most important and frequent activity of intellectuals and colleges. Therefore, knowledge management has become one of the key technologies of smart campus.

(6) Social networks

The social network covers all forms of network services with human social core as the core. It is an interactive platform that can communicate with each other, communicate with each other and participate in each other. This is important for the exchange, collaboration and knowledge sharing of teachers and students in colleges and universities. The key technology of the campus.

5 Conclusion

Where is the rapid development of university informationization? This is a question that many colleges and universities are thinking about at the current stage. Under the background of the booming of big data technology, building a smart campus in colleges and universities has become the consensus of more and more peers. Based on years of college informationization practice and research on education informatization, the author puts forward the characteristics, development goals, system structure and key technologies of colleges and universities, and attempts to describe a clear development direction and implementation for the campus construction of colleges and universities. line. However, because the practice of smart campuses in colleges and universities is not much at home and abroad, and the author's level is limited, delays are inevitable, and I hope that peer experts will not hesitate to advise.

Pet House & Bed

Pet shelter and rest area,pet house bed for cat and dog,indoor pet house bed

AUTRENDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED , https://www.petspetskitty.com