Thread binding refers to a method of binding staples together with needles, threads or ropes. This method is mostly used to bind sturdy and durable books, such as encyclopedias, various reference books, art books and bibles. For more than 100 years, the most commonly used method of thread-stitching is the "Smyth" binding method, which is a method of binding the thread through the spine and putting the pages of the signature together. The advantage of using this method is that after the pages of the signature are bound together, they can also be spread out flat.

Two types of side binding and saddle stitching are available for thread binding. Side binding is to pass the binding line through the book in a direction parallel to the spine. Like some publications, the side binding method is often used, and the side binding method is firmly bound, but it cannot be completely spread out. Manual side ordering is most commonly used in the library or when doing book repair work; when using the machine side ordering, the needle is connected with a thread through the drilled small hole, and the form of the square lock thread is used to connect the pages together. The double-thread binding uses a structure similar to the needle and bobbin of a household sewing machine. The difference from the sewing machine is that the needle passes through the small hole of the lock thread that has been drilled to connect the pages together.

Saddle stitching is a method in which the binding line passes through the signature along the middle crease to bind the pages together. Because books that are saddle-stitched are easy to spread flat, this kind of binding is more common than side-stitching. In automatic saddle stitching, the signatures are transferred from the feed hopper to the feed saddle, where a scanner is installed to monitor the entire operation. A roller presses the signature against the protective screen in front of the feed saddle, and then the conveyor belt transfers the signature to the saddle for binding. After binding, a separating device cuts the binding line, the book falls on another conveyor belt, is shipped to the trimming machine, and then is delivered or transported to the bookcase casing line.

Trimmer

Edge trimming machine refers to a device that cuts off the folded or jagged parts of the book block to form a neat and smooth edge and can cut off all the adhesive book pages. Except for mechanical binding and loose-leaf binding, it follows the entire binding process as part of book finishing or online book binding processing. The trimming machine is composed of a knife, a book file gauge and a rear gauge. This system can cut the top, bottom and sides of the book at the same time without changing the settings. Most book blocks are finished by trimming the three-cut / five-cut cutters connected with the saddle stitching machine and wireless perfect binding in the finishing line.

The trimming machine cuts off excess parts of book or magazine signatures from the top, bottom and edges. As part of the entire bookbinding line, book blocks are automatically transferred from the binding machine to the trimming machine. While the trimming machine is cutting the front edge of one book block, it may be cutting another book block. Rear edge. Each book block is loaded onto the feeding guide of the trimming machine and sent to the side cutter, where the cutter cuts the top and bottom of the book block at the same time. When the side cutter is removed, the front cutter will cut the edge of the book block, removing the overlap of the folded book pages, so that each page of the book can be opened. The transfer jig lifts the cut book block and puts it on the conveyor belt. After that, the book block is sent to the register or stacker. The air blast nozzle will blow away the paper scraps on the trimming machine, so that the machine can trim the next book block.

If a book block is printed in double format, that is, two sets of books are printed and bound together, then before three-sided cutting (if it is not too thick, it may be five-sided cutting), it must be sawed out. The five-sided trimming and trimming machine can also handle three-format printed book blocks.

Bookcase nails

Bookbinding refers to the process of adding a layer of cloth or leather to a hard or soft cardboard to form a bookcase and binding it with a book block to form a hard cover book. The preparation of the book cover, that is, the book cover, is not performed together with the thread binding or glue binding of the book block. When adding a book shell to a book, the area of ​​the book shell is larger than the area of ​​the book block pages.

When making a book cover, that is, preparing a book cover, it usually takes place after the bookbinding is completed. Before entering the bookcase machine, the cardboard is first stuffed into a machine and cut to a suitable size.

When making a book case, the book case machine glues the cardboard and the backing material together, rotates the excess cover cloth under the cardboard, glues the inside of the cardboard, and bonds the cover cloth to form a smooth hard shell.

At this time, the book shell without the pre-printed pattern can also be embossed and bronzing, etc., and then the book shell can be adhered to the book block.
The next series of work is how to combine wire-bound or wireless perfect binding books and book case binding to form a hard-cover hard cover book. In fact, this is also part of the book binding.

Spine flattening and signature flattening: Books bound with lock threads need to be flattened to remove excess air between pages and reduce book expansion during binding. Spine flattening applies pressure to the spine, while signature flattening applies pressure to the entire front and back surfaces of the book. Harder paper is generally flattened by the spine while softer paper is flattened by the signature.

The transmission chain sends the spine back of the book block downward into the book spine flattening device. Here, a spring clamp clamps both sides of the book to prevent the book block from falling out. After that, the signature flattening machine began to apply pressure evenly on the entire surface of the book for flattening work. The pressure of the flattening machine is about 250 tons.

Rounding and ridge: These two processes are used in wireless book binding or wire binding. Grinding round is to process the book block into a specific shape, and then it is used as the first step of the book cover. It makes the back of the book block form a convex circle and the book edge forms a concave shape. This part of the work is done by putting the back of the book forward between two relatively rotating steel rollers. Books bound on the side cannot be rounded.

Ribbing means that after the rounding process is completed, the book back is protruded from the middle to both sides by sandwiching the book edge, and two ridge beams are formed on the back round edge. It can make books more flexible and durable, and strengthen the connection between the signatures. It also makes the width of the book back wider, providing a shoulder lift for the book case in front and back of the book block, making the bond between the book block and the book case stronger.

Backing, trimming and top tape are three other subsequent processes. Sticking the back can help keep the back of the book round, while trimming and the top band are decorative means. After the above process, the book can enter the book binding line.

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